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// Copyright 2019+ Klaus Post. All rights reserved.
// License information can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Based on work by Yann Collet, released under BSD License.
package zstd
import (
"crypto/rand"
"fmt"
"io"
rdebug "runtime/debug"
"sync"
"github.com/klauspost/compress/zstd/internal/xxhash"
)
// Encoder provides encoding to Zstandard.
// An Encoder can be used for either compressing a stream via the
// io.WriteCloser interface supported by the Encoder or as multiple independent
// tasks via the EncodeAll function.
// Smaller encodes are encouraged to use the EncodeAll function.
// Use NewWriter to create a new instance.
type Encoder struct {
o encoderOptions
encoders chan encoder
state encoderState
init sync.Once
}
type encoder interface {
Encode(blk *blockEnc, src []byte)
EncodeNoHist(blk *blockEnc, src []byte)
Block() *blockEnc
CRC() *xxhash.Digest
AppendCRC([]byte) []byte
WindowSize(size int) int32
UseBlock(*blockEnc)
Reset(d *dict, singleBlock bool)
}
type encoderState struct {
w io.Writer
filling []byte
current []byte
previous []byte
encoder encoder
writing *blockEnc
err error
writeErr error
nWritten int64
headerWritten bool
eofWritten bool
fullFrameWritten bool
// This waitgroup indicates an encode is running.
wg sync.WaitGroup
// This waitgroup indicates we have a block encoding/writing.
wWg sync.WaitGroup
}
// NewWriter will create a new Zstandard encoder.
// If the encoder will be used for encoding blocks a nil writer can be used.
func NewWriter(w io.Writer, opts ...EOption) (*Encoder, error) {
initPredefined()
var e Encoder
e.o.setDefault()
for _, o := range opts {
err := o(&e.o)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
if w != nil {
e.Reset(w)
}
return &e, nil
}
func (e *Encoder) initialize() {
if e.o.concurrent == 0 {
e.o.setDefault()
}
e.encoders = make(chan encoder, e.o.concurrent)
for i := 0; i < e.o.concurrent; i++ {
enc := e.o.encoder()
e.encoders <- enc
}
}
// Reset will re-initialize the writer and new writes will encode to the supplied writer
// as a new, independent stream.
func (e *Encoder) Reset(w io.Writer) {
s := &e.state
s.wg.Wait()
s.wWg.Wait()
if cap(s.filling) == 0 {
s.filling = make([]byte, 0, e.o.blockSize)
}
if cap(s.current) == 0 {
s.current = make([]byte, 0, e.o.blockSize)
}
if cap(s.previous) == 0 {
s.previous = make([]byte, 0, e.o.blockSize)
}
if s.encoder == nil {
s.encoder = e.o.encoder()
}
if s.writing == nil {
s.writing = &blockEnc{lowMem: e.o.lowMem}
s.writing.init()
}
s.writing.initNewEncode()
s.filling = s.filling[:0]
s.current = s.current[:0]
s.previous = s.previous[:0]
s.encoder.Reset(e.o.dict, false)
s.headerWritten = false
s.eofWritten = false
s.fullFrameWritten = false
s.w = w
s.err = nil
s.nWritten = 0
s.writeErr = nil
}
// Write data to the encoder.
// Input data will be buffered and as the buffer fills up
// content will be compressed and written to the output.
// When done writing, use Close to flush the remaining output
// and write CRC if requested.
func (e *Encoder) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
s := &e.state
for len(p) > 0 {
if len(p)+len(s.filling) < e.o.blockSize {
if e.o.crc {
_, _ = s.encoder.CRC().Write(p)
}
s.filling = append(s.filling, p...)
return n + len(p), nil
}
add := p
if len(p)+len(s.filling) > e.o.blockSize {
add = add[:e.o.blockSize-len(s.filling)]
}
if e.o.crc {
_, _ = s.encoder.CRC().Write(add)
}
s.filling = append(s.filling, add...)
p = p[len(add):]
n += len(add)
if len(s.filling) < e.o.blockSize {
return n, nil
}
err := e.nextBlock(false)
if err != nil {
return n, err
}
if debugAsserts && len(s.filling) > 0 {
panic(len(s.filling))
}
}
return n, nil
}
// nextBlock will synchronize and start compressing input in e.state.filling.
// If an error has occurred during encoding it will be returned.
func (e *Encoder) nextBlock(final bool) error {
s := &e.state
// Wait for current block.
s.wg.Wait()
if s.err != nil {
return s.err
}
if len(s.filling) > e.o.blockSize {
return fmt.Errorf("block > maxStoreBlockSize")
}
if !s.headerWritten {
// If we have a single block encode, do a sync compression.
if final && len(s.filling) == 0 && !e.o.fullZero {
s.headerWritten = true
s.fullFrameWritten = true
s.eofWritten = true
return nil
}
if final && len(s.filling) > 0 {
s.current = e.EncodeAll(s.filling, s.current[:0])
var n2 int
n2, s.err = s.w.Write(s.current)
if s.err != nil {
return s.err
}
s.nWritten += int64(n2)
s.current = s.current[:0]
s.filling = s.filling[:0]
s.headerWritten = true
s.fullFrameWritten = true
s.eofWritten = true
return nil
}
var tmp [maxHeaderSize]byte
fh := frameHeader{
ContentSize: 0,
WindowSize: uint32(s.encoder.WindowSize(0)),
SingleSegment: false,
Checksum: e.o.crc,
DictID: e.o.dict.ID(),
}
dst, err := fh.appendTo(tmp[:0])
if err != nil {
return err
}
s.headerWritten = true
s.wWg.Wait()
var n2 int
n2, s.err = s.w.Write(dst)
if s.err != nil {
return s.err
}
s.nWritten += int64(n2)
}
if s.eofWritten {
// Ensure we only write it once.
final = false
}
if len(s.filling) == 0 {
// Final block, but no data.
if final {
enc := s.encoder
blk := enc.Block()
blk.reset(nil)
blk.last = true
blk.encodeRaw(nil)
s.wWg.Wait()
_, s.err = s.w.Write(blk.output)
s.nWritten += int64(len(blk.output))
s.eofWritten = true
}
return s.err
}
// Move blocks forward.
s.filling, s.current, s.previous = s.previous[:0], s.filling, s.current
s.wg.Add(1)
go func(src []byte) {
if debug {
println("Adding block,", len(src), "bytes, final:", final)
}
defer func() {
if r := recover(); r != nil {
s.err = fmt.Errorf("panic while encoding: %v", r)
rdebug.PrintStack()
}
s.wg.Done()
}()
enc := s.encoder
blk := enc.Block()
enc.Encode(blk, src)
blk.last = final
if final {
s.eofWritten = true
}
// Wait for pending writes.
s.wWg.Wait()
if s.writeErr != nil {
s.err = s.writeErr
return
}
// Transfer encoders from previous write block.
blk.swapEncoders(s.writing)
// Transfer recent offsets to next.
enc.UseBlock(s.writing)
s.writing = blk
s.wWg.Add(1)
go func() {
defer func() {
if r := recover(); r != nil {
s.writeErr = fmt.Errorf("panic while encoding/writing: %v", r)
rdebug.PrintStack()
}
s.wWg.Done()
}()
err := errIncompressible
// If we got the exact same number of literals as input,
// assume the literals cannot be compressed.
if len(src) != len(blk.literals) || len(src) != e.o.blockSize {
err = blk.encode(src, e.o.noEntropy, !e.o.allLitEntropy)
}
switch err {
case errIncompressible:
if debug {
println("Storing incompressible block as raw")
}
blk.encodeRaw(src)
// In fast mode, we do not transfer offsets, so we don't have to deal with changing the.
case nil:
default:
s.writeErr = err
return
}
_, s.writeErr = s.w.Write(blk.output)
s.nWritten += int64(len(blk.output))
}()
}(s.current)
return nil
}
// ReadFrom reads data from r until EOF or error.
// The return value n is the number of bytes read.
// Any error except io.EOF encountered during the read is also returned.
//
// The Copy function uses ReaderFrom if available.
func (e *Encoder) ReadFrom(r io.Reader) (n int64, err error) {
if debug {
println("Using ReadFrom")
}
// Flush any current writes.
if len(e.state.filling) > 0 {
if err := e.nextBlock(false); err != nil {
return 0, err
}
}
e.state.filling = e.state.filling[:e.o.blockSize]
src := e.state.filling
for {
n2, err := r.Read(src)
if e.o.crc {
_, _ = e.state.encoder.CRC().Write(src[:n2])
}
// src is now the unfilled part...
src = src[n2:]
n += int64(n2)
switch err {
case io.EOF:
e.state.filling = e.state.filling[:len(e.state.filling)-len(src)]
if debug {
println("ReadFrom: got EOF final block:", len(e.state.filling))
}
return n, nil
case nil:
default:
if debug {
println("ReadFrom: got error:", err)
}
e.state.err = err
return n, err
}
if len(src) > 0 {
if debug {
println("ReadFrom: got space left in source:", len(src))
}
continue
}
err = e.nextBlock(false)
if err != nil {
return n, err
}
e.state.filling = e.state.filling[:e.o.blockSize]
src = e.state.filling
}
}
// Flush will send the currently written data to output
// and block until everything has been written.
// This should only be used on rare occasions where pushing the currently queued data is critical.
func (e *Encoder) Flush() error {
s := &e.state
if len(s.filling) > 0 {
err := e.nextBlock(false)
if err != nil {
return err
}
}
s.wg.Wait()
s.wWg.Wait()
if s.err != nil {
return s.err
}
return s.writeErr
}
// Close will flush the final output and close the stream.
// The function will block until everything has been written.
// The Encoder can still be re-used after calling this.
func (e *Encoder) Close() error {
s := &e.state
if s.encoder == nil {
return nil
}
err := e.nextBlock(true)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if e.state.fullFrameWritten {
return s.err
}
s.wg.Wait()
s.wWg.Wait()
if s.err != nil {
return s.err
}
if s.writeErr != nil {
return s.writeErr
}
// Write CRC
if e.o.crc && s.err == nil {
// heap alloc.
var tmp [4]byte
_, s.err = s.w.Write(s.encoder.AppendCRC(tmp[:0]))
s.nWritten += 4
}
// Add padding with content from crypto/rand.Reader
if s.err == nil && e.o.pad > 0 {
add := calcSkippableFrame(s.nWritten, int64(e.o.pad))
frame, err := skippableFrame(s.filling[:0], add, rand.Reader)
if err != nil {
return err
}
_, s.err = s.w.Write(frame)
}
return s.err
}
// EncodeAll will encode all input in src and append it to dst.
// This function can be called concurrently, but each call will only run on a single goroutine.
// If empty input is given, nothing is returned, unless WithZeroFrames is specified.
// Encoded blocks can be concatenated and the result will be the combined input stream.
// Data compressed with EncodeAll can be decoded with the Decoder,
// using either a stream or DecodeAll.
func (e *Encoder) EncodeAll(src, dst []byte) []byte {
if len(src) == 0 {
if e.o.fullZero {
// Add frame header.
fh := frameHeader{
ContentSize: 0,
WindowSize: MinWindowSize,
SingleSegment: true,
// Adding a checksum would be a waste of space.
Checksum: false,
DictID: 0,
}
dst, _ = fh.appendTo(dst)
// Write raw block as last one only.
var blk blockHeader
blk.setSize(0)
blk.setType(blockTypeRaw)
blk.setLast(true)
dst = blk.appendTo(dst)
}
return dst
}
e.init.Do(e.initialize)
enc := <-e.encoders
defer func() {
// Release encoder reference to last block.
// If a non-single block is needed the encoder will reset again.
e.encoders <- enc
}()
// Use single segments when above minimum window and below 1MB.
single := len(src) < 1<<20 && len(src) > MinWindowSize
if e.o.single != nil {
single = *e.o.single
}
fh := frameHeader{
ContentSize: uint64(len(src)),
WindowSize: uint32(enc.WindowSize(len(src))),
SingleSegment: single,
Checksum: e.o.crc,
DictID: e.o.dict.ID(),
}
// If less than 1MB, allocate a buffer up front.
if len(dst) == 0 && cap(dst) == 0 && len(src) < 1<<20 && !e.o.lowMem {
dst = make([]byte, 0, len(src))
}
dst, err := fh.appendTo(dst)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// If we can do everything in one block, prefer that.
if len(src) <= maxCompressedBlockSize {
enc.Reset(e.o.dict, true)
// Slightly faster with no history and everything in one block.
if e.o.crc {
_, _ = enc.CRC().Write(src)
}
blk := enc.Block()
blk.last = true
if e.o.dict == nil {
enc.EncodeNoHist(blk, src)
} else {
enc.Encode(blk, src)
}
// If we got the exact same number of literals as input,
// assume the literals cannot be compressed.
err := errIncompressible
oldout := blk.output
if len(blk.literals) != len(src) || len(src) != e.o.blockSize {
// Output directly to dst
blk.output = dst
err = blk.encode(src, e.o.noEntropy, !e.o.allLitEntropy)
}
switch err {
case errIncompressible:
if debug {
println("Storing incompressible block as raw")
}
dst = blk.encodeRawTo(dst, src)
case nil:
dst = blk.output
default:
panic(err)
}
blk.output = oldout
} else {
enc.Reset(e.o.dict, false)
blk := enc.Block()
for len(src) > 0 {
todo := src
if len(todo) > e.o.blockSize {
todo = todo[:e.o.blockSize]
}
src = src[len(todo):]
if e.o.crc {
_, _ = enc.CRC().Write(todo)
}
blk.pushOffsets()
enc.Encode(blk, todo)
if len(src) == 0 {
blk.last = true
}
err := errIncompressible
// If we got the exact same number of literals as input,
// assume the literals cannot be compressed.
if len(blk.literals) != len(todo) || len(todo) != e.o.blockSize {
err = blk.encode(todo, e.o.noEntropy, !e.o.allLitEntropy)
}
switch err {
case errIncompressible:
if debug {
println("Storing incompressible block as raw")
}
dst = blk.encodeRawTo(dst, todo)
blk.popOffsets()
case nil:
dst = append(dst, blk.output...)
default:
panic(err)
}
blk.reset(nil)
}
}
if e.o.crc {
dst = enc.AppendCRC(dst)
}
// Add padding with content from crypto/rand.Reader
if e.o.pad > 0 {
add := calcSkippableFrame(int64(len(dst)), int64(e.o.pad))
dst, err = skippableFrame(dst, add, rand.Reader)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}
return dst
}