| @node Zebra |
| @chapter Zebra |
| |
| @c SYNOPSIS |
| @command{zebra} is an IP routing manager. It provides kernel routing |
| table updates, interface lookups, and redistribution of routes between |
| different routing protocols. |
| |
| @menu |
| * Invoking zebra:: Running the program |
| * Interface Commands:: Commands for zebra interfaces |
| * Static Route Commands:: Commands for adding static routes |
| * zebra Terminal Mode Commands:: Commands for zebra's VTY |
| @end menu |
| |
| |
| @node Invoking zebra |
| @section Invoking zebra |
| |
| Besides the common invocation options (@pxref{Common Invocation Options}), the |
| @command{zebra} specific invocation options are listed below. |
| |
| @table @samp |
| @item -b |
| @itemx --batch |
| Runs in batch mode. @command{zebra} parses configuration file and terminates |
| immediately. |
| |
| @item -k |
| @itemx --keep_kernel |
| When zebra starts up, don't delete old self inserted routes. |
| |
| @item -r |
| @itemx --retain |
| When program terminates, retain routes added by zebra. |
| |
| @end table |
| |
| @node Interface Commands |
| @section Interface Commands |
| |
| @deffn Command {interface @var{ifname}} {} |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn {Interface Command} {shutdown} {} |
| @deffnx {Interface Command} {no shutdown} {} |
| Up or down the current interface. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn {Interface Command} {ip address @var{address/prefix}} {} |
| @deffnx {Interface Command} {ip6 address @var{address/prefix}} {} |
| @deffnx {Interface Command} {no ip address @var{address/prefix}} {} |
| @deffnx {Interface Command} {no ip6 address @var{address/prefix}} {} |
| Set the IPv4 or IPv6 address/prefix for the interface. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn {Interface Command} {ip address @var{address/prefix} secondary} {} |
| @deffnx {Interface Command} {no ip address @var{address/prefix} secondary} {} |
| Set the secondary flag for this address. This causes ospfd to not treat the |
| address as a distinct subnet. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn {Interface Command} {description @var{description} ...} {} |
| Set description for the interface. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn {Interface Command} {multicast} {} |
| @deffnx {Interface Command} {no multicast} {} |
| Enable or disables multicast flag for the interface. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn {Interface Command} {bandwidth <1-10000000>} {} |
| @deffnx {Interface Command} {no bandwidth <1-10000000>} {} |
| Set bandwidth value of the interface in kilobits/sec. This is for |
| calculating OSPF cost. This command does not affect the actual device |
| configuration. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn {Interface Command} {link-detect} {} |
| @deffnx {Interface Command} {no link-detect} {} |
| Enable/disable link-detect on platforms which support this. Currently |
| only linux and with certain drivers - those which properly support the |
| IFF_RUNNING flag. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @node Static Route Commands |
| @section Static Route Commands |
| |
| Static routing is a very fundamental feature of routing technology. It |
| defines static prefix and gateway. |
| |
| @deffn Command {ip route @var{network} @var{gateway}} {} |
| @var{network} is destination prefix with format of A.B.C.D/M. |
| @var{gateway} is gateway for the prefix. When @var{gateway} is |
| A.B.C.D format. It is taken as a IPv4 address gateway. Otherwise it |
| is treated as an interface name. If the interface name is @var{null0} then |
| zebra installs a blackhole route. |
| |
| @example |
| ip route 10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.2 |
| ip route 10.0.0.0/8 ppp0 |
| ip route 10.0.0.0/8 null0 |
| @end example |
| |
| First example defines 10.0.0.0/8 static route with gateway 10.0.0.2. |
| Second one defines the same prefix but with gateway to interface ppp0. The |
| third install a blackhole route. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn Command {ip route @var{network} @var{netmask} @var{gateway}} {} |
| This is alternate version of above command. When @var{network} is |
| A.B.C.D format, user must define @var{netmask} value with A.B.C.D |
| format. @var{gateway} is same option as above command |
| |
| @example |
| ip route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 |
| ip route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 ppp0 |
| ip route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 null0 |
| @end example |
| |
| These statements are equivalent to those in the previous example. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn Command {ip route @var{network} @var{gateway} @var{distance}} {} |
| Installs the route with the specified distance. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| Multiple nexthop static route |
| |
| @example |
| ip route 10.0.0.1/32 10.0.0.2 |
| ip route 10.0.0.1/32 10.0.0.3 |
| ip route 10.0.0.1/32 eth0 |
| @end example |
| |
| If there is no route to 10.0.0.2 and 10.0.0.3, and interface eth0 |
| is reachable, then the last route is installed into the kernel. |
| |
| If zebra has been compiled with multipath support, and both 10.0.0.2 and |
| 10.0.0.3 are reachable, zebra will install a multipath route via both |
| nexthops, if the platform supports this. |
| |
| @example |
| zebra> show ip route |
| S> 10.0.0.1/32 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 inactive |
| via 10.0.0.3 inactive |
| * is directly connected, eth0 |
| @end example |
| |
| @example |
| ip route 10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.2 |
| ip route 10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.3 |
| ip route 10.0.0.0/8 null0 255 |
| @end example |
| |
| This will install a multihop route via the specified next-hops if they are |
| reachable, as well as a high-metric blackhole route, which can be useful to |
| prevent traffic destined for a prefix to match less-specific routes (eg |
| default) should the specified gateways not be reachable. Eg: |
| |
| @example |
| zebra> show ip route 10.0.0.0/8 |
| Routing entry for 10.0.0.0/8 |
| Known via "static", distance 1, metric 0 |
| 10.0.0.2 inactive |
| 10.0.0.3 inactive |
| |
| Routing entry for 10.0.0.0/8 |
| Known via "static", distance 255, metric 0 |
| directly connected, Null0 |
| @end example |
| |
| @deffn Command {ipv6 route @var{network} @var{gateway}} {} |
| @deffnx Command {ipv6 route @var{network} @var{gateway} @var{distance}} {} |
| These behave similarly to their ipv4 counterparts. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| |
| @deffn Command {table @var{tableno}} {} |
| Select the primary kernel routing table to be used. This only works |
| for kernels supporting multiple routing tables (like GNU/Linux 2.2.x |
| and later). After setting @var{tableno} with this command, |
| static routes defined after this are added to the specified table. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @node zebra Terminal Mode Commands |
| @section zebra Terminal Mode Commands |
| |
| @deffn Command {show ip route} {} |
| Display current routes which zebra holds in its database. |
| |
| @example |
| @group |
| Router# show ip route |
| Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, |
| B - BGP * - FIB route. |
| |
| K* 0.0.0.0/0 203.181.89.241 |
| S 0.0.0.0/0 203.181.89.1 |
| C* 127.0.0.0/8 lo |
| C* 203.181.89.240/28 eth0 |
| @end group |
| @end example |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn Command {show ipv6 route} {} |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn Command {show interface} {} |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn Command {show ipforward} {} |
| Display whether the host's IP forwarding function is enabled or not. |
| Almost any UNIX kernel can be configured with IP forwarding disabled. |
| If so, the box can't work as a router. |
| @end deffn |
| |
| @deffn Command {show ipv6forward} {} |
| Display whether the host's IP v6 forwarding is enabled or not. |
| @end deffn |